Maqaalkani wuxuu falanqeyn doonaa alaabooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee silsiladda warshadaha C3 ee Shiinaha iyo jihada cilmi baarista iyo horumarinta ee hadda jirta.

(1)Xaaladda Hadda iyo Isbeddellada Horumarineed ee Tignoolajiyada Polypropylene (PP).

Sida laga soo xigtay baaritaankeena, waxaa jira siyaabo kala duwan oo loo soo saaro polypropylene (PP) ee Shiinaha, kuwaas oo ka mid ah hababka ugu muhiimsan ee ay ka mid yihiin geeddi-socodka tuubooyinka deegaanka ee gudaha, habka Unipol ee Shirkadda Daoju, Nidaamka Spheriol ee Shirkadda LyondellBasell, Nidaamka Innovene ee Shirkadda Ineos, habka Novolen ee Shirkadda Kiimikada Nordic, iyo habka Spherizone ee Shirkadda LyondellBasell.Nidaamyadan waxaa sidoo kale si ballaaran u qaatay shirkadaha Shiinaha ee PP.Farsamooyinkani waxay inta badan xakameeyaan heerka beddelka propylene inta u dhaxaysa 1.01-1.02.

Habka tuubada giraanta gurigu waxay qabataa kicinta ZN ee si madaxbanaan u horumarsan, oo ay hadda gacanta ku hayso tignoolajiyada habka tubada giraanta jiilka labaad.Habkani wuxuu ku salaysan yahay kicinta si madaxbanaan loo horumariyey, farsamada ku-deeqaha elektarooniga asymmetric, iyo propylene butadiene binary random copolymerization technology, oo soo saari kara homopolymerization, ethylene propylene random copolymerization, propylene butadiene random copolymerization, iyo saamaynta iska caabbinta copolymerization PP.Tusaale ahaan, shirkadaha sida Shanghai Petrochemical Lines Saddexaad, Zhenhai Refining iyo Kiimikada Kiimikada Koowaad iyo Labaad, iyo Maoming Second Lines ayaa dhammaan dabaqay nidaamkan.Kordhinta tas-hiilaadka wax-soo-saarka cusub ee mustaqbalka, geeddi-socodka dhuumaha deegaanka ee jiilka saddexaad ayaa la filayaa inuu si tartiib tartiib ah u noqdo geeddi-socodka tuubooyinka deegaanka ee ugu sarreeya.

Nidaamka Unipol wuxuu si warshadaysan u soo saari karaa homopolymers, oo leh qulqulka qulqulka dhalaalka (MFR) ee 0.5 ~ 100g/10min.Intaa waxaa dheer, jajabka tirada badan ee monomers-ka ethylene copolymer ee ku jira copolymers random waxay gaari kartaa 5.5%.Habkani waxa kale oo uu soo saari karaa copolymer random warshadaysan ee propylene iyo 1-butene (magaca ganacsiga CE-FOR), oo leh jajab cufan caag ah ilaa 14%.Jajabka tirada badan ee ethylene ee copolymer-ka saamaynta uu soo saaro nidaamka Unipol waxa uu gaadhi karaa 21% (jajajabka tirada caaggu waa 35%).Habka waxaa lagu dabaqay xarumaha shirkadaha sida Fushun Petrochemical iyo Sichuan Petrochemical.

Habka Innovene waxa uu soo saari karaa alaabooyinka homopolymerka oo leh heerar kala duwan oo qulqulka dhalaalka ah (MFR), kaas oo gaari kara 0.5-100g/10min.Adayga waxsoosaarkiisu wuu ka sarreeyaa kuwa kale ee hababka gaaska-polymerization-ka.MFR ee alaabada kopolymer-ka random waa 2-35g/10min, oo leh qayb badan oo ethylene ah oo u dhaxaysa 7% ilaa 8%.MFR ee alaabada koobiyeerka u adkaysta saamaynta waa 1-35g/10min, oo leh qayb tiro badan oo ethylene ah oo u dhaxaysa 5% ilaa 17%.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, tignoolajiyada wax soo saarka guud ee PP ee Shiinaha waa mid aad u qaan-gaar ah.Tusaale ahaan shirkadaha polypropylene ee saliidda ku salaysan, ma jiro farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya isticmaalka unugga wax soo saarka, kharashyada habaynta, faa'iidada, iwm. ee shirkad kasta.Marka loo eego qaybaha wax soo saarka ee ay daboolayaan habab kala duwan, hababka caadiga ah waxay dabooli karaan dhammaan qaybta alaabta.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo la tixgelinayo qaybaha wax soo saarka dhabta ah ee ganacsiyada jira, waxaa jira farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya alaabta PP ee shirkadaha kala duwan sababtoo ah arrimo ay ka mid yihiin juqraafi, caqabadaha tignoolajiyada, iyo alaabta ceeriin.

(2)Xaalada Hadda iyo Isbeddellada Horumarineed ee Tignoolajiyada Acid Acid

Acrylic acid waa walxo kimikal oo muhiim ah oo ceeriin ah oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo soo saarista xabagta iyo dahaarka biyaha ku milma, waxaana sidoo kale lagu farsameeyaa acrylate butyl iyo alaabo kale.Sida laga soo xigtay cilmi-baarista, waxaa jira habab-soo-saarka kala duwan ee acrylic acid, oo ay ku jiraan habka chloroethanol, habka cyanoethanol, habka Reppe cadaadiska sare, habka enone, habka Reppe ee la hagaajiyay, habka ethanol formaldehyde, habka hydrolysis acrylonitrile, habka ethylene, habka oxidation propylene, iyo bayooloji. habka.Inkasta oo ay jiraan farsamooyin diyaarin oo kala duwan oo loogu talagalay acrylic acid, oo intooda badan lagu dabaqay warshadaha, habka wax soo saarka ugu badan ee adduunka oo dhan ayaa weli ah oksaydhka tooska ah ee propylene ilaa habka acrylic acid.

Alaabta ceeriin ee lagu soo saaro acrylic acid iyada oo loo marayo oxidation propylene inta badan waxaa ka mid ah uumiga biyaha, hawada, iyo propylene.Inta lagu jiro habka wax-soo-saarka, saddexdan waxay ku dhacaan fal-celin oksaydh ah iyada oo loo marayo sariirta kicinta qayb ahaan.Propylene ayaa marka hore oksaydhized si acrolein reactor-kii ugu horeeyay, ka dibna dheeraad ah oksidized si acrylic acid ee reactor labaad.Uumiga biyuhu waxa uu ka ciyaaraa door milmayn habkan,iyaga oo ka fogaanaya dhacdooyinka qaraxyada iyo xakamaynta falcelinta dhinacaSi kastaba ha ahaatee, marka lagu daro soo saarista acrylic acid, habka falcelintani waxa kale oo ay soo saartaa acetic acid iyo carbon oxides sababtoo ah falcelinta dhinaca.

Marka loo eego baaritaanka Pingtou Ge, furaha tignoolajiyada habka oksaydhka acrylic acid waxay ku jirtaa xulashada kicinta.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, shirkadaha ku siin kara tignoolajiyada acrylic acid iyada oo loo marayo oxidation propylene waxaa ka mid ah Sohio oo ku taal Mareykanka, Japan Catalyst Chemical Company, Mitsubishi Chemical Company ee Japan, BASF ee Jarmalka, iyo Teknoolojiyada Kiimikada Japan.

Habka Sohio ee Maraykanka waa hab muhiim ah oo lagu soo saaro acrylic acid iyada oo loo marayo propylene oxidation, oo lagu garto in si isku mar ah loo soo bandhigo propylene, hawo, iyo uumiga biyaha laba taxane oo isku xiran oo sariiraha sariiraha ah, iyo isticmaalka Mo Bi iyo Mo-V oxides sida kicinta, siday u kala horreeyaan.Habkan, wax-soo-saarka hal-jidka ah ee acrylic acid wuxuu gaari karaa ilaa 80% (saamiga molar).Faa'iidada habka Sohio waa in laba reactors taxane ah ay kordhin karaan cimriga kicinta, iyaga oo gaaraya ilaa 2 sano.Si kastaba ha noqotee, habkani wuxuu leeyahay faa'iido darro ah in propylene aan falcelin lahayn lama soo kaban karo.

Habka BASF: Laga soo bilaabo dabayaaqadii 1960-meeyadii, BASF waxay waday cilmi baaris ku saabsan soo saarista aashitada acrylic iyadoo loo marayo oxidation propylene.Habka BASF wuxuu isticmaalaa Mo Bi ama Mo Co kicinta falcelinta oxidation propylene, iyo dhalidda hal-jidka ah ee acrolein ee la helo waxay gaari kartaa qiyaastii 80% (saamiga molar).Ka dib, iyadoo la isticmaalayo Mo, W, V, iyo Fe kataliyayaal ku salaysan, acrolein waxaa dheeraad ah oksaydhsiis galay acrylic acid, oo leh ugu badnaan hal-jid dhalidda ah oo ku saabsan 90% (molar ratio).Nolosha kicinta ee habka BASF waxay gaari kartaa 4 sano habkana waa mid fudud.Si kastaba ha noqotee, habkani wuxuu leeyahay dib-u-dhacyo sida barta karkarinta dareeraha sare, nadiifinta qalabka soo noqnoqda, iyo isticmaalka guud ee tamarta sare.

Habka kicinta ee Jabbaan: Laba reactors go'an oo taxana ah iyo todoba munaaradood oo isku mid ah ayaa sidoo kale la isticmaalaa.Talaabada ugu horeysa waa in la dhex galiyo curiyaha Co ee Mo Bi kicinta oo ah kicinta falcelinta, ka dibna la isticmaalo Mo, V, iyo Cu osaydhooyinka isku dhafan ee birta ah sida kicinta ugu weyn ee reactor-ka labaad, oo ay taageerayaan silica iyo monoxide lead.Habkan, wax-soosaarka hal-jidka ah ee acrylic acid waa qiyaastii 83-86% (saamiga molar).Habka kicinta ee Jabbaan waxa uu qaataa hal reaktor go'an oo go'an iyo nidaam kala soocida 7-taar ah, oo leh kiciyayaal horumarsan, waxsoosaar guud oo sarreeya, iyo isticmaalka tamar yar.Habkani hadda waa mid ka mid ah hababka wax soo saarka ee aadka u horumarsan, oo la siman habka Mitsubishi ee Japan.

(3)Xaalada Hadda iyo Isbeddellada Horumarineed ee Tignoolajiyada Butyl Acrylate

Butyl acrylate waa dareere hufan oo aan midab lahayn kaas oo aan lagu milmi karin biyaha waxaana lagu qasi karaa ethanol iyo eter.Xaruntan waxay u baahan tahay in lagu kaydiyo bakhaar qabow oo hawo leh.Acrylic acid iyo ester-keeda ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa warshadaha.Looma isticmaalo oo kaliya in lagu soo saaro monomers jilicsan ee dareeraha acrylate ku salaysan iyo koollada ku salaysan lotion, laakiin sidoo kale waa la isku dhejin karaa, kobolymerized iyo graft copolymerized si ay u noqdaan monomers polymer waxaana loo isticmaalaa sidii dhexdhexaadin isku dhafan organic.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, habka wax soo saarka ee butyl acrylate inta badan waxay ku lug leedahay falcelinta acrylic acid iyo butanol ee joogitaanka toluene sulfonic acid si loo dhaliyo butyl acrylate iyo biyo.Dareen-celinta esterification ee ku lug leh geeddi-socodkan waa fal-celin caadi ah oo dib loo rogi karo, iyo dhibcaha karkarinta ee acrylic acid iyo badeecada butyl acrylate aad bay isugu dhow yihiin.Sidaa darteed, way adag tahay in la kala saaro acrylic acid iyadoo la isticmaalayo distillation, iyo acrylic acid aan dib loo warshadayn karin.

Habkan waxaa loo yaqaan habka loo yaqaan 'butyl acrylate esterification method', badiyaa ka socda Machadka Cilmi-baarista Injineerinka ee Jilin Petrochemical iyo machadyada kale ee la xiriira.Farsamadani waa mid aad u qaan-gaar ah, iyo xakamaynta isticmaalka unugga ee acrylic acid iyo n-butanol waa mid aad u sax ah, oo awood u leh inay xakamayso isticmaalka cutubka gudaha 0.6.Waxaa intaa dheer, tignoolajiyadani waxay horey u heshay iskaashi iyo wareejin.

(4)Xaaladda Hadda iyo Isbeddellada Horumarineed ee Tignoolajiyada CPP

Filimka CPP waxaa laga sameeyaa polypropylene oo ah alaabta ceeriin ee ugu weyn iyada oo loo marayo habab gaar ah oo wax qabad sida T-qaabeeya tuurista dhinta.Filimkani wuxuu leeyahay iska caabin kulayl oo heer sare ah, sababtoo ah sifooyinka qaboojinta degdega ah ee dabiiciga ah, wuxuu samayn karaa jilicsanaan iyo daahfurnaan aad u fiican.Sidaa darteed, codsiyada baakadaha ee u baahan caddayn sare, filimka CPP waa walxaha la doorbido.Isticmaalka ugu baahsan ee filimka CPP waa baakadaha cuntada, iyo sidoo kale wax soo saarka aluminium aluminium, baakadaha daawada, iyo ilaalinta miraha iyo khudaarta.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, habka wax-soo-saarka filimada CPP-ga ayaa inta badan iska kaashanaya wax-ka-bixinta.Habka wax-soo-saarkani wuxuu ka kooban yahay dhawr-soo-saarayaal badan, qaybiyayaal badan oo kanaal ah (badanaa loo yaqaan "feeders"), T-qaabeeya madax dhinta, nidaamyada wax tuurista, hababka jiidashada tooska ah, oscillators, iyo nidaamyada dabaysha.Astaamaha ugu muhiimsan ee habkan wax soo saarka ayaa ah dhalaalid wanaagsan oo dusha sare ah, dabaq sare, dulqaad yar oo dhumucdiisuna, waxqabadka fidinta farsamaysan ee wanaagsan, dabacsanaanta wanaagsan, iyo daahfurnaanta wanaagsan ee alaabta filimada khafiifka ah ee la soo saaray.Inta badan soosaarayaasha caalamiga ah ee CPP waxay u adeegsadaan habka shubista iskaashatada wax soo saarka, tignoolajiyada qalabkuna waa qaan.

Tan iyo bartamihii 1980-meeyadii, Shiinuhu wuxuu bilaabay inuu soo bandhigo qalabka wax-soo-saarka filimada ajnabiga ah, laakiin badankood waa qaab-dhismeedyo hal lakab ah waxayna ka tirsan yihiin marxaladda aasaasiga ah.Ka dib markii la soo galay 1990-meeyadii, Shiinuhu wuxuu soo bandhigay khadadka wax soo saarka filimada isku-xidhka badan ee polymer-ka ee ka socda waddamada sida Jarmalka, Japan, Talyaaniga, iyo Awstaria.Qalabkan iyo teknoolajiyada la soo dejiyay ayaa ah xoogga ugu weyn ee warshadaha filimada ee Shiinaha.Alaab-qeybiyeyaasha ugu muhiimsan waxaa ka mid ah Jarmalka Bruckner, Bartenfield, Leifenhauer, iyo Orchid Austria.Tan iyo 2000, Shiinuhu wuxuu soo bandhigay khadad wax soo saar oo horumarsan, iyo qalabka gudaha laga soo saaro ayaa sidoo kale la kulmay horumar degdeg ah.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka la barbar dhigo heerka sare ee caalamiga ah, weli waxaa jira farqi gaar ah oo heer otomaatig ah, miisaamaya nidaamka extrusion xakamaynta, si toos ah dhiman madaxa hagaajin dhumucda filimka, nidaamka soo kabashada cidhifka online, iyo dabaylaha si toos ah ee qalabka filimada tuurista guriga.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, alaab-qeybiyeyaasha ugu muhiimsan ee tignoolajiyada filimka CPP waxaa ka mid ah Jarmalka Bruckner, Leifenhauser, iyo Lanzin Austria, iyo kuwo kale.Alaab-qeybiyeyaashan ajnabiga ah waxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyin la taaban karo marka loo eego otomaatiga iyo dhinacyo kale.Si kastaba ha noqotee, habka hadda socda ayaa horeyba u ahaa mid qaan-gaar ah, iyo xawaaraha hagaajinta ee tignoolajiyada qalabku waa mid gaabis ah, asal ahaanna ma jirto meel loo marayo iskaashiga.

(5)Xaalada Hadda iyo Isbeddellada Horumarineed ee Tignoolajiyada Acrylonitrile

Tiknoolajiyada oksijiinta ee Propylene ammonia hadda waa dariiqa wax-soo-saarka ganacsiga ugu weyn ee acrylonitrile, iyo ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan soosaarayaasha acrylonitrile waxay isticmaalayaan kicinta BP (SOHIO).Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa sidoo kale jira bixiyeyaasha kale ee badan oo kicinta ah oo laga dooran karo, sida Mitsubishi Rayon (hore Nitto) iyo Asahi Kasei oo ka yimid Japan, Qalabka Waxqabadka Ascend (hore Solutia) ee Maraykanka, iyo Sinopec.

In ka badan 95% dhirta acrylonitrile adduunka oo dhan waxay isticmaalaan tignoolajiyada oxidation propylene ammonia (sidoo kale loo yaqaan habka sohio) oo ay hormood u tahay oo ay horumarisay BP.Farsamadani waxay u isticmaashaa propylene, ammonia, hawo, iyo biyo sida alaab cayriin ah, waxayna gashaa reactor-ka qayb gaar ah.Marka la eego ficilka fosfooraska molybdenum bismuth ama birta antimony ee lagu taageerayo jel silica, acrylonitrile waxaa lagu soo saaraa heerkul ah 400-500℃iyo cadaadiska atmospheric.Ka dib, ka dib dhexdhexaadin taxane ah, nuugista, soo saarista, fuuq-baxa, iyo tallaabooyinka nadiifinta, badeecada ugu dambeysa ee acrylonitrile ayaa la helaa.Wax-soosaarka hal-jidka ah ee habkani wuxuu gaari karaa 75%, wax-soo-saarka waxaa ka mid ah acetonitrile, hydrogen cyanide, iyo ammonium sulfate.Habkani wuxuu leeyahay qiimaha ugu sarreeya ee wax soo saarka warshadaha.

Tan iyo 1984, Sinopec waxay heshiis wakhti dheer ah la saxeexatay INEOS waxaana loo oggolaaday inay isticmaasho tignoolajiyada acrylonitrile ee INEOS ee patented ee Shiinaha.Sannado badan oo horumarineed ka dib, Machadka Cilmi-baadhista ee Sinopec Shanghai Petrochemical wuxuu si guul leh u sameeyay dariiq farsamo oo loogu talagalay propylene ammonia oxidation si uu u soo saaro acrylonitrile, wuxuuna dhisay wejigii labaad ee Sinopec Anqing Branch 130000 ton mashruuca acrylonitrile.Mashruucan ayaa si guul leh loo hawlgeliyey bishii Janaayo 2014, isagoo kordhinaya awoodda wax-soo-saarka sanadlaha ah ee acrylonitrile laga bilaabo 80000 tan ilaa 210000 tan, isagoo noqday qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah saldhigga wax soo saarka acrylonitrile ee Sinopec.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, shirkadaha adduunka oo dhan leh shatiyada tignoolajiyada oxidation propylene ammonia waxaa ka mid ah BP, DuPont, Ineos, Asahi Chemical, iyo Sinopec.Habkan wax-soo-saarku waa mid qaan-gaar ah oo si sahlan loo heli karo, Shiinaha ayaa sidoo kale ku guuleystay in la dejiyo tignoolajiyadan, waxqabadkeeduna kama hooseeyo tignoolajiyada wax-soo-saarka shisheeye.

(6)Xaaladda Hadda iyo Isbeddellada Horumarineed ee Tignoolajiyada ABS

Marka loo eego baaritaanka, dariiqa geeddi-socodka aaladda ABS waxaa inta badan loo kala qaybiyaa habka tallaalka looshanka iyo habka badan ee joogtada ah.Xabagta ABS waxaa la sameeyay iyadoo lagu salaynayo wax ka beddelka xabagta polystyrene.Sannadkii 1947-kii, shirkadda Maraykanka ee cinjirka ah waxay qaadatay habka isku-dhafka ah si loo gaaro wax-soo-saarka warshadaha ee xabagta ABS;Sannadkii 1954-kii, Shirkadda BORG-WAMER ee dalka Maraykanka waxay samaysay kareem ku-tallaalid polymerized ABS resin waxayna xaqiiqsatay wax-soo-saarka warshadaha.Muuqashada looshanku waxay kor u qaadday horumarka degdega ah ee warshadaha ABS.Laga soo bilaabo 1970-yadii, tignoolajiyada habka wax soo saarka ee ABS waxay gashay xilli horumar weyn leh.

Habka looshanku waa hab-soo-saar horumarsan, oo ay ku jiraan afar tillaabo: isku-dubbaridka cinjirka butadiene, isku-dhafka polymer-ka-soo-saarka, isku-dhafka styrene iyo acrylonitrile polymers, iyo isku-darka daaweynta ka dib.Habka socodka gaarka ah waxaa ka mid ah unugga PBL, unugga tallaalka, unugga SAN, iyo unugga isku-darka.Habka wax-soo-saarkani wuxuu leeyahay heer sare oo qaan-gaar ah oo teknoloji ah waxaana si ballaaran looga dabaqay adduunka oo dhan.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, tignoolajiyada ABS ee qaan-gaadhka ah waxay inta badan ka timaadaa shirkadaha sida LG ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed, JSR ee Japan, Dow ee Maraykanka, New Lake Oil Chemical Co., Ltd. ee South Korea, iyo Kellogg Technology ee Maraykanka, dhammaan kuwaas oo leh heer caalami ah oo hogaaminaya biseylka tignoolajiyada.Iyadoo horumarinta joogtada ah ee tignoolajiyada, habka wax soo saarka ee ABS ayaa sidoo kale si joogto ah u hagaajinaya oo hagaajinaya.Mustaqbalka, wax soo saarka waxtarka leh, saaxiibtinimo deegaanka, iyo hababka wax soo saarka tamarta ayaa laga yaabaa inay soo baxaan, taasoo keenaysa fursado iyo caqabado badan horumarinta warshadaha kiimikada.

(7)Xaaladda farsamada iyo isbeddelka horumarinta ee n-butanol

Marka loo eego indha-indhaynta, tignoolajiyada caadiga ah ee isku xidhka butanol iyo octanol adduunka oo dhan waa habka dareeraha-waji-wareega ah ee cadaadiska hooseeya ee habka isku-dhafka carbonyl.Qalabka ugu muhiimsan ee geeddi-socodkan waa propylene iyo gaaska synthesis.Waxaa ka mid ah, propylene inta badan waxay ka timaadaa sahayda isku dhafan, iyada oo halbeeg isticmaalkeedu yahay propylene inta u dhaxaysa 0.6 iyo 0.62 tan.Gaaska synthetic waxaa inta badan laga diyaariyaa gaasta qiiqa ama gaasta ku salaysan dhuxusha, iyada oo halbeeg isticmaalkeedu u dhexeeyo 700 iyo 720 mitir kuyuubik.

Tiknoolajiyada isku-dhafka karbonyl-yar ee cadaadiska hooseeya ee ay soo saartay Dow/David - habka wareegga wareegga dareeraha wuxuu leeyahay faa'iidooyin sida heerka beddelka propylene sare, nolosha adeegga kicinta ee dheer, iyo hoos u dhigista qiiqa saddexda qashinka.Habkani hadda waa tignoolajiyada wax soo saarka ee ugu horumarsan waxaana si weyn looga isticmaalaa shirkadaha butanol iyo octanol ee Shiinaha.

Iyadoo la tixgelinayo in tignoolajiyada Dow/David ay tahay mid qaan-gaar ah oo loo isticmaali karo iyadoo lala kaashanayo shirkadaha gudaha, shirkado badan ayaa mudnaanta siin doona farsamadan marka ay dooranayaan inay maalgashadaan dhismaha unugyada octanol ee butanol, oo ay ku xigto tignoolajiyada gudaha.

(8)Xaalada Hadda iyo Isbeddellada Horumarineed ee Tignoolajiyada Polyacrylonitrile

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) waxaa lagu helaa iyada oo loo marayo polymerization xagjirka bilaashka ah ee acrylonitrile waana dhexdhexaad muhiim u ah diyaarinta fiilooyinka acrylonitrile (fiyuubyada akril) iyo fiilooyinka carbon polyacrylonitrile ku salaysan.Waxay u muuqataa qaab budo ah oo caddaan ah ama wax yar huruud ah, oo leh heerkul dhalo ah oo ku saabsan 90℃.Waxaa lagu milmi karaa dareerayaasha organic polar sida dimethylformamide (DMF) iyo dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), iyo sidoo kale xalal aqueous ah oo urursan ee cusbada aan organic sida thiocyanate iyo perchlorate.Diyaarinta polyacrylonitrile inta badan waxay ku lug leedahay polymerization xal ama polymerization aqueous acrylonitrile (AN) oo leh monomers labaad oo aan ahayn ionic iyo monomers saddexaad ee ionic.

Polyacrylonitrile waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro fiilooyinka acrylic, kuwaas oo ah fiilooyinka synthetic ee laga sameeyay acrylonitrile copolymers oo leh boqolkiiba tiro ka badan 85%.Marka loo eego dareerayaasha loo isticmaalo habka wax soo saarka, waxaa loo kala saari karaa sida dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl acetamide (DMAc), sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN), iyo dimethyl formamide (DMF).Farqiga ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya dareerayaasha kala duwan waa milmahoodu ku jiraan polyacrylonitrile, taas oo aan saameyn weyn ku yeelan habka wax soo saarka polymerization ee gaarka ah.Intaa waxaa dheer, marka loo eego comonomers kala duwan, waxay u qaybin kartaa itaconic acid (IA), methyl acrylate (MA), acrylamide (AM), iyo methyl methacrylate (MMA), iwm. sifooyinka alaabta ee falcelinta polymerization.

Habka isku-darka wuxuu noqon karaa hal-tallaabo ama laba-tallaabo.Mid ka mid ah habka tallaabo ayaa loola jeedaa polymerization of acrylonitrile iyo comonmers ee xaalad xal hal mar, iyo alaabta si toos ah loo diyaarin karaa galay xal wareeg ah iyada oo aan la kala saarin.Xeerka laba-tallaabo waxa loola jeedaa ka joojinta polymerization of acrylonitrile iyo comonmers ee biyaha si loo helo polymer-ka, kaas oo la kala soocay, la dhaqay, fuuqbaxay, iyo tillaabooyinka kale si loo sameeyo xalka wareega.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, habka wax soo saarka caalamiga ah ee polyacrylonitrile asal ahaan waa isku mid, iyada oo farqiga u dhexeeya hababka polymerization hoose iyo co monomers.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, inta badan fiilooyinka polyacrylonitrile ee wadamo kala duwan oo adduunka ah ayaa laga sameeyaa copolymers ternary, oo leh acrylonitrile xisaabinta 90% iyo kordhinta monomer labaad oo u dhexeeya 5% ilaa 8%.Ujeedada loogu daro monomer labaad waa in kor loo qaado xoogga farsamada, barti, iyo texture ee fiilooyinka, iyo sidoo kale hagaajinta waxqabadka midabaynta.Hababka sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo waxaa ka mid ah MMA, MA, vinyl acetate, iwm. Qadarka dheeriga ah ee monomer-ka saddexaad waa 0.3% -2%, iyada oo ujeedadu tahay in la soo bandhigo tiro cayiman oo ah kooxaha dheeha hydrophilic si loo kordhiyo xidhiidhka fiilooyinka leh dheeha, kuwaas oo ah oo loo qaybiyay kooxo dheeh cationic ah iyo kooxo dheeha acidic ah.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, Japan waa wakiilka ugu weyn ee habka caalamiga ah ee polyacrylonitrile, oo ay ku xigto dalal sida Jarmalka iyo Maraykanka.Shirkadaha wakiillada ah waxaa ka mid ah Zoltek, Hexcel, Cytec iyo Aldila oo ka socda Japan, Dongbang, Mitsubishi iyo Mareykanka, SGL oo ka socda Jarmalka iyo Formosa Plastics Group oo ka socda Taiwan, Shiinaha, Shiinaha.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, tignoolajiyada habka wax soo saarka caalamiga ah ee polyacrylonitrile waa qaan, mana jirto meel badan oo loogu talagalay horumarinta alaabta.