Magaca Alaabta:acetic acid
Qaab molecular:C2H4O2
CAS Maya:64-19-7
Qaab dhismeedka molecular ee alaabta:
| Shayga | Unug | Qiimaha |
| daahirnimo | % | 99.8min |
| Midabka | APHA | 5max |
| Fomic acid content | % | 0.03 ugu badnaan |
| Waxyaalaha biyaha | % | 0.15 ugu badnaan |
| Muuqashada | - | dareere hufan |
Ashitada Acetic, CH3COOH, waa dareere aan midab lahayn, kacsan oo heerkul deegaan ah.Xarunta saafiga ah, glacial acetic acid, waxay magaceeda ku leedahay muuqaalkeeda barafka u eg ee 15.6°C.Sida guud ahaan la keeno, acetic acid waa 6 N xal aqueous ah (qiyaastii 36%) ama 1 N (qiyaastii 6%).Kuwan ama kuwa kale waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daro xaddi ku haboon ee acetic acid cuntooyinka.Acetic acid waa aashitada sifo ee khalka, oo ay diirada u dhaxaysa 3.5 ilaa 5.6%.Aashitada Acetic iyo Acetates waxay ku jiraan inta badan dhirta iyo unugyada xayawaanka tiro yar laakiin la ogaan karo.Waxay yihiin dhexdhexaadiyeyaasha dheef-shiid kiimikaadka caadiga ah, oo ay soo saaraan noocyada bakteeriyada sida Acetobacter waxaana si buuxda looga soo saari karaa kaarboon laba ogsaydhyada yaryar sida Clostridium thermoaceticum.Jiirku wuxuu sameeyaa acetate heerka 1% miisaanka jidhkiisa maalintii.
Sida dareere aan midab lahayn oo leh ur adag, qallafsan, udgoon dabeecad leh, waxay faa'iido u leedahay subagga, jiiska, canabka iyo dhadhanka miraha.Acid acetic acid oo saafi ah oo aad u yar ayaa sidan oo kale loo isticmaalaa cuntooyinka, in kasta oo ay FDA u kala saartay walxo GRAS ah.Sidaas awgeed, waxa laga yaabaa in lagu shaqaaleysiiyo badeecooyin aan lagu daboolin Qeexitaannada iyo Heerarka Aqoonsiga.Acid acid waa qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee khalka iyo pyroligneous acid.Qaab khalka, in ka badan 27 milyan oo rodol ayaa lagu daray cuntada 1986, iyada oo ku dhawaad xaddi le'eg loo isticmaalay sida acidulants iyo walxaha dhadhanka.Dhab ahaantii, acetic acid (sida khalka) wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah wakiilada dhadhanka ugu horreeya.Vinegars-ka waxaa si aad ah loogu isticmaalaa diyaarinta dhaymada saladhka iyo majones, dhanaan iyo pickles macaan iyo suugo badan iyo bisad.Waxa kale oo loo isticmaalaa daawaynta hilibka iyo qasacadaynta khudaarta qaarkood.Soo saarista majones, ku darida qayb ka mid ah acetic acid (khamri) cusbada-ama sonkorta-yolk waxay yaraynaysaa caabbinta kulaylka ee Salmonella.Isku dhafka biyaha ee sausages inta badan waxaa ka mid ah acetic acid ama cusbada soodhiyamka, halka calcium acetate loo isticmaalo si loo ilaaliyo qaabka la jarjaray, khudradda qasacadaysan.
Acid acid waxay ku dhacdaa khalka.Waxaa la soo saaray in distillation dumin ee alwaax.Waxay ka heleysaa codsi ballaaran oo ku saabsan warshadaha kiimikada.Waxaa loo isticmaalaa soo saarista acetate cellulose, acetate rayn, iyo kala duwanaansho acetate iyo acetyl;sida dareere loogu talagalay ciridka, saliidaha, iyo xabagta;sida ilaalinta cuntada ee daabacaadda iyo dheehidda;iyo organicsynthesis.
Acid acid waa kiimiko warshadeed oo muhiim ah.Dareen-celinta acetic acid oo leh hydroxyl oo ka kooban xeryahooda, gaar ahaan khamriga, waxay keenaysaa samaynta esters acetate.Isticmaalka ugu badan ee acetic acid waa soo saarista vinyl acetate.Vinyl acetate waxaa lagu soo saari karaa falcelinta acetylene iyo acetic acid.Waxa kale oo laga soo saaraa ethylene iyo acetic acid.Vinyl acetate waxaa lagu polymerized polyvinyl acetate (PVA), kaas oo loo isticmaalo soo saarista fiilooyinka, filimada, xabagta, iyo rinjiga cinjirka.
Cellulose acetate, oo loo isticmaalo dharka iyo filimka sawirada, waxaa lagu soo saaraa iyada oo ka falcelinaysa cellulose leh acetic acid iyo acetic anhydride ee joogitaanka sulfuric acid.Esters kale ee acetic acid, sida ethyl acetate iyo propyl acetate, ayaa loo isticmaalaa codsiyo kala duwan.
Acid acid waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro polyetylen terephthalate caag ah (PET).Acid acid waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro dawooyinka.
Glacial Acetic Acid waa acidulant ah dareere cad oo aan midab lahayn kaas oo leh dhadhan aashito marka lagu qaso biyo.Waa 99.5% ama ka sareeya daahir ahaan waxayna dhalaalaysaa 17°c.Waxaa loo isticmaalaa dhaymada saladh qaab la badhxay si ay u bixiso acetic acid loo baahan yahay.Waxa loo isticmaalaa sida ilaalinta, acidulant, iyo wakiilka dhadhanka.Waxa kale oo loo yaqaan acetic acid, glacial.
Chemwin waxay siin kartaa noocyo badan oo kaarboon-karboon ah iyo dareerayaasha kiimikaad ee macaamiisha warshadaha.Intaa ka hor, fadlan akhri macluumaadka aasaasiga ah ee soo socda ee ku saabsan ganacsiga nala samee:
1. Amniga
Badbaadadu waa mudnaantayada koowaad.Marka laga soo tago siinta macaamiisha macluumaadka ku saabsan isticmaalka badbaadada iyo deegaanka saaxiibtinimo leh ee alaabtayada, waxaan sidoo kale go'aansanay inaan hubinno in khataraha badbaadada shaqaalaha iyo qandaraaslayaasha la dhimay ilaa ugu yaraan macquul ah oo macquul ah.Sidaa darteed, waxaan uga baahannahay macmiilka inuu hubiyo in heerarka badbaadada dejinta iyo kaydinta ku habboon ay buuxiyeen ka hor inta aan la keenin (fadlan tixraac lifaaqa HSSE ee shuruudaha iyo shuruudaha iibka ee hoose).Khubaradayada HSSE waxay ku siin karaan hagitaan heerarkan.
2. Habka gaarsiinta
Macaamiisha waxay ka dalban karaan oo ka keeni karaan alaabta chemwin, ama waxay ka heli karaan alaabta warshadeena wax soo saarka.Noocyada gaadiidka ee la heli karo waxaa ka mid ah baabuurta xamuulka qaada, tareenada ama gaadiidka casriga ah (xaalad gooni ah ayaa jira).
Marka laga hadlayo shuruudaha macmiilka, waxaan qeexi karnaa shuruudaha maraakiibta ama booyadaha waxaanan adeegsan karnaa heerarka badbaadada / dib u eegista iyo shuruudaha.
3. Tirada dalabka ugu yar
Haddii aad alaab ka soo iibsato mareegahayaga, tirada dalbashada ugu yar waa 30 tan.
4.Bixinta
Habka lacag bixinta caadiga ah ayaa si toos ah looga jarayaa 30 maalmood gudahooda laga bilaabo qaansheegta.
5. Dukumentiga keenista
Dukumeentiyada soo socda ayaa la keenay keenista kasta:
Bill of Lading, CMR Waybill ama dukumeenti gaadiid oo kale oo khuseeya
Shahaadada Falanqaynta ama waafaqsanaanta (haddii loo baahdo)
Dukumeenti la xidhiidha HSSE oo waafaqsan xeerarka
Dukumeenti kastamka oo waafaqsan xeerarka (haddii loo baahdo)
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