Falanqaynta dhibicda karkarinta ee acetic acid: heerkulka, arrimaha saamaynta leh iyo codsiyada
Ashitada Acetic (Qaabka kiimikaad ee CH₃COOH), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano acetic acid, waa asiidh organic ah oo si weyn looga isticmaalo kiimikada, cuntada iyo warshadaha dawooyinka. Astaamaha jireed ee acetic acid, gaar ahaan barta karkaraya, ayaa muhiim u ah habka wax soo saarka iyo codsiyada warshadaha kiimikada. Maqaalkani, waxaanu si faahfaahsan u falanqeyn doonaa barta karkaraya ee acetic acid, ka wadahadli doona arrimaha saameynaya iyo muhiimada ay u leedahay xaaladaha kala duwan ee codsiga.
Dulmarka aasaasiga ah ee barta karkarinta ee acetic acid
Barta karkaraya ee acetic acid waa 117.9°C (244.2°F), kaas oo lagu cabiro cadaadiska jawiga caadiga ah (1 jawi, 101.3 kPa). Heerkulkan, acetic acid waxa uu ka beddelaa dareere una beddelaa gaas, habkaas oo ah tallaabo lagama maarmaan u ah habab kiimikaad oo badan. Aashitada Acetic waxay leedahay bar karkarinta oo aad u sareysa marka loo eego xeryahooda kale ee dabiiciga ah, kuwaas oo inta badan loo aaneeyo joogitaanka curaarta hydrogen ee ka dhexeeya molecules-keeda.
Waxyaabaha saameeya barta karkarinta ee acetic acid
In kasta oo barta karkarinta caadiga ah ee acetic acid ay tahay 117.9°C, ficil ahaan heerkulkan waxa saameeya dhawr arrimood. Cadaadisku wuxuu saameyn weyn ku leeyahay barta karkarinta. Cadaadiska hoose (tusaale, xaaladaha faakuumka), barta karkaraya ee acetic acid aad ayey hoos ugu dhacdaa, halka jawiga cadaadiska sareeyo, barta karkarinta ay kordheyso. Sidaa darteed, inta lagu jiro distillation warshadaha, nidaaminta cadaadiska nidaamka ayaa si wax ku ool ah u xakameyn kara karkarinta iyo kala-soocidda waxtarka acetic acid.
Nijaasaha ku jira xalka ayaa sidoo kale saameyn ku yeelan kara barta karkarinta ee acetic acid. Gaar ahaan marka acetic acid ay samayso isku-daryo isku-dar ah xeryahooda kale, barta karkarinteeda waxa laga yaabaa inay ka leexato qiyamka caadiga ah. Tusaale ahaan, xalalka aqueous, barta karkaraya ee acetic acid ayaa laga yaabaa in la yareeyo sababtoo ah ifafaale azeotropic. Fahamka iyo xakamaynta arrimahan ayaa lama huraan u ah si kor loogu qaado hababka wax soo saarka kiimikada.
Codsiyada dhibcaha karsan ee Acid Acid ee Warshadaha
Barta karkaraya ee acetic acid kaliya maaha halbeeg muhiim u ah astaamaheeda jireed, sidoo kale waxay muhiim u tahay inay saameyn ku yeelato codsigeeda dhowr hannaan oo warshadeed. Codsiga caadiga ah waa nadiifinta iyo nadiifinta acetic acid. Soo saarista kiimikada, xakamaynta saxda ah ee barta karkarinta ayaa ah tillaabo muhim ah oo lagu helo asiidh nadiif ah oo sarreeya. Soo saarista acetate iyo esters acetate, nidaaminta barta karkaraya ee acetic acid waxay sidoo kale saameyn toos ah ku leedahay tayada wax soo saarka iyo wax soo saarka.
Barta karkaraya ee acetic acid waxay sidoo kale leedahay codsiyo muhiim ah oo ku saabsan la socodka deegaanka iyo hababka daaweynta. Daawaynta biyaha wasakhda ah ama gaaska wasakhda ah ee ay ku jirto acetic acid waxa lagu gaadhi karaa iyada oo la beddelo acetic acid iyada oo loo marayo kululaynta. Sidaa darteed, maaraynta barta karkarinta ee acetic acid iyo sharcigeeda isbeddelka ah ayaa muhiim u ah qaabaynta habraac daaweyn oo hufan.
Soo koobid
Barta karkaraya ee acetic acid waa halbeeg jireed oo muhiim ah oo leh qiime balaadhan oo ku saabsan warshadaha kiimikada. Fahamka iyo maaraynta arrimaha saamaynta leh ee barta karaysa ee acetic acid, sida cadaadiska iyo waxa ku jira wasakhda, waxay ka caawin kartaa injineerada iyo farsamayaqaanada inay wanaajiyaan habka wax soo saarka iyo hagaajinta tayada alaabta. Codsiyada badan ee barta karkaraya ee acetic acid ee warshadaha ayaa sidoo kale muujinaya muhiimada ay u leedahay wax soo saarka iyo ilaalinta deegaanka. Cilmi-baarista mustaqbalka iyo codsiyada, falanqaynta qoto-dheer ee barta karkaraya ee acetic acid waxay sii wadi doontaa inay keento horumaro tignoolajiyadeed oo badan warshadaha kiimikada.